Dilema Suku Baduy: Antara Kewajiban Ngahuma dan Keterbatasan Lahan Huma

Abstract

The Baduy are an indigenous Indonesian tribe that dwell in the province
of Banten and are fierce protectors of pikukuh karuhun (ancestral traditions). The responsibility to ngahuma (growing rice in the fields) is one of their customary rules; this practice is worship and one of the foundations of wiwitan. The issues that occur are that their population grows but the land area remains the same, resulting in a narrowing of arable land, a pattern of land management that is not ideal, and crop yields that are insufficient to fulfill the demands. Will the ngahuma adat legislation continue to operate in the face of this conundrum? What options are available to ensure that their customary law is preserved while their economic requirements are met? This study uses qualitative data, data obtained through observation, interviews and document review. Data obtained through interviews and inductive analysis to produce credible data. Triangulation of data is used to ensure that the data can be accounted for so that the conclusions from this research are beneficial to stakeholders. The conclusion of this research is that the number of Baduy tribes is increasing even though the land for ngahuma remains. Whereas for them ngahuma is a customary obligation that cannot be violated. Several solutions have been implemented, buying or renting land outside the ulayat land, limiting fallow, dividing the land among family members. However, a new problem has arisen, the condition of the land is less fertile and the need for rice is not being met. the solutions that researchers offer are; expect the district government. Lebak to provide human land for the Baduy tribe.